Method of making sleeve valves



July 17, 1928. 1,677,249

7 H. R. RICARDO METHOD OF MAKING SLEEVE VALVES Fi led Nov. 6, 1926 A A I H63. F/G. 4.

L B I W I 0 Patented my 17, 1928.

v UNITED ISTATES PATENT oFFicEQ HARRY RALPH nrcanno, on Lennon, nnemivn.

" METHOD OF MAKING SLEEVE VALVES.

' Application filed November 6, 1926, Serial Nb. 146,705, and in GreatBritain December 18, 1925 This invention relates to sleeve valves for and is particularly applicable to those in which the sleeve has a combined oscillating and reciprocating motion imparted thereto. Such sleeves are usually of plain tubular form except for a boss orbosses which receive members serving to impart the de- 7 sired motion to the sleeve, and, in-most cases, 1 stifi'ening ribs formed adjacent to 'the boss or bosses; In previous constructions these bosses and stiffening ribs have been formed either by casting the sleeve and bosses in one, which involves the use of relatively weak metals, by rough forging and machining or by screwing on to the end of the sleeve a collar carrying the. boss or bosses. Each of the above constructions is undesirably heavy since the complex shapelnear the boss renders it impossible to remove all the superfluous metal in this region while even a part al removal of this metal involves expensive machining operations. I

The 0l)]8Ct) of the present invention is to provide a sleeve which will be light in weight While having the requisite strength and will be relatively inexpensive to produce as compared with the constructions hitherto employed.

80 a sleeve valve is formed integral by pressing, rolling, punchin or like operations from a I tubular metal lank, this blank being formed preferably by drawing or pressing. In this wayone or more bosses for the driving connection or connections with or without stiffening ribs or corrugations ad aCent thereto may be formedon and integral withthe tubular metal blank, For 'example, 4

fluid pressure engines, pumps or compressors To this end, according to: this invention,-

where a combined oscillating and reciprocat ing motion is to be-imparted to the sleeve 111-; known manner by asingle rotating member,-

rolling a portion of the boss into a-circumferent ial groove on the outer surface of the memberidisposed within it.- Alternatively the boss. itself may be rolled or ,pressedinto a spherical form and may then constitute inner member of this joint either constitutpressure.

When the metal of which the sleeve is formed is suitable the ports for controlling the working fluid or for other purposes may be formed in the sleeve by. punching, the

part of the sleeve adjacent to the ports be ing held between two cylindrical or partly cylindrical dies during this, operation so as to prevent deformation of the sleeve. In

this way a considerable economy is effected since the .ports are often of a somewhat complex-form which would otherwise necessi.-' tate expensive machiningoperations.

It .will be seen that vwith a sleeve formed I "-Iaccording t o 'this invention the thicknessof the metal is everywhere kept to-a'minimum."

'Furt-her the-drawn or pressed tubes from which the sleeves are formed can be made to a higher degree of accuracy than can cast,-

ings or'forgings, so that less machining is necessary to the boreand-cylindrical outer sof surface of the sleeve, while the metal being highly worked has good mechanical proper-. ties thus enabling thinner sections to beein ployedv than hitherto.

The invention is'p'articularly applicable to a I sleeve valves for internal combustion engines of the kind in which each cylinder is formed of aluminium,magnesium or an allo'ytheie ofhav-ing' a relatively high coeflicient of expansion, while the-sleeve valve isformed';

of-a ferrous metal whose "co'eflicient of expansion overthe working range of'temper-.

ature exceeds 16 X 10 per degree centigrade, the piston working within the sleeve being formed "either of a ferrous metal or wholly or mainly ofa non-ferrous metal having a coefficient of expansion which ap roximates to that ofthe non-ferrous metal 0 which the '55 the outer member. of a spherical joint, the

' cylinder formed.- Thus, an example of a chromium.

ferrous metal suitable for the construction of a sleeve according to the present invention is one containing 8% of nickel and 18% of The invention rious ways but one form of sleeve and the various stages in the method of constructing the same accordi'n to the present invention is shown somew at diagrammaticallyin the accompanying drawlngs. Figures 1' y r forming the driving boss.

7 to 4 are sectional views through thesleeve showing successive steps in the method'of Figure 5 is a sectional view showing the method ofpunchi-ng out the ports. 1

from a blank-- The sleeve is constructed comprising a plain cylindrical metal tube A preferably formed by pressing or drawing.

lhe lower end of this tube is cut obliquely so that one side of the tube Eprojects below the other as shown at B in igure '1. The

I first operation. consists in pressing out laterally a part-of this projecting part of the tube so as to form a hollow cy indrical boss C as shown iii-Figure 2 with or-without one or more stifi'enin ribs or corrugations-adjacent thereto. or example -a stiffening rib Dsuch as that shown in Figure 2'may be formed below the boss andsubstantially parallel to the oblique lower ed e B of the sleeve in the same 0 eration whic 1 forms the boss 0, The secon operation is to form, for example b rolling, a stiffening rib or corrugation. v sleeve about the boss, this rib being so disposed that it passes 'ust; above the lower part of a spherical joint orv other flexible edge of the shorter 'si e as'shown inFigure 3.

The next operation isto secure within the boss a member F forming or connected to one connectionthrough which the desired motion is to be imparted to the sleeve. 'This member 'F, which may be for exam lo the. outer member of a spherical joint,1s conveniently secured within the boss by pressing or rolling a portion Got the boss into an external groove on this member as shown in Figure 4.

Alternatively to the arrangement shown in Figure 4 the. boss C may. itself be formed spherical and constitute the outer member of "a spherical joint. Further, one'end of a in ma be secured within the boss C, the ot ier en being adapted to engage a spherical joint or the like-in a rotating member in known manner.

1 Where the metal of which the sleeve is (ports for controlling into or out from the" formed is suitable the the flow of working fiui cylinder maybe punched out of the sleeve by punches of the re uired shape. 'In this .case the portion of t e' sleeve adjacent to these ports is held conveniently d'u'ring'this may be carried out in-va-.

- the boss C is adapted to fit during the punching operation so as to ensure that the ports .vcmently in one operation, whilebetween-thc -lower end of the sleeve the tubular blank circumferentially aroundthe formed without any machining operation.

of the sleeve and thus extends completely around the sleeve.

a port in the wall.

'ing out from the wall of a tubular metal main'pa'rts of the interior andjexterior cy- 3. The method oi forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consisting in press- .5 mg out from the wall of a tubular metalare punched in the correct positions, relatively to the-boss.

When. the'metal of which the sleeve is formed is unsuitable for punching the ports may be formed in known manner, for example, by milling. The interior and exterior of the sleeve are finally ground or machined .to 80 the required dimensions. I

It will be understood that any of the operations described above may be completed in two or .more stages when the changes in shape are too great to becarried out constages the metal may be softened by anneal If additional'strength is required at the may be thickened locally 'by upsetting? orother known processprior to pressing. It will be seen that a sleeve constructed asabove described and rior to machinin it internally and externall comprises a tuliu- 0b lar body portion with a oss formed integral therewith and a member secured 'Within'the boss bymeans of which thedesired motion: can be imparted to the sleeveythe whole being )uu Further; owing to the degree of accuracy with which it is possibletoperform drawing, rolling and pressing operations, the amount of machining-which will be required 7 I to bring the internal and external surfaces of 10,-, r

'the sleeve to the desired dimensions will be relatively small.

It is to be understood that the pressing e or rolling operations which are carried out. l on the cylindrical blank may be varied ac" cording to the type of operating mecha' 7i nism and the engine with which the sleeve is to be employed. a V

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I fits 1. The method of forming sleeve valves for,

fluid. pressure engines consisting in. pressing out from the wall of a tubular metal blank a boss for a driving connection, and forming 1" I 12h '2. The method of forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consisting in pressblank aboss for a driving connection forming a port in the wall and machining the is lindrical surfaces ofthe blank. q

' blank a boss for a driving connection, and punching inlet and. exhaust ports -1n the ing inlet and exhaust ports in the blank and machinin the main parts of the interior and exterlor cylindricalsurfaces of the blank.

5. The method'jof forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consisting 1n punching inlet and exhaust ports in a tubular metal blank and machiningfthe main parts of the interior and exterior cylindricalsurfaces of the blank. 1

6. The method of forming sleeve valves for fluid pressureengines consisting in pressing out from the Wall of a tubular'metal inwardly pro ecting rib to engage with the I blank a boss for a drivingconnection and pressing a stifieningrib in the blank adjacent to the boss.

7. The method of forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consist-in in pressingout from the, wall of a tubu ar'metal blank a boss for a driving connection, pressing a stiffeningrib in the blank -adjacent to the boss and machining the'main part of the interior andexterior-cylindrical surfaces of the blank.

8. The method of forming sleeveivalves'f for fluid pressure engines consisting in pressing out from thejwall of a tubular metal blank a boss for a driving connection, pressing a stiffening rib in the blank adjacent to the boss, forming inlet and exhaust-ports in j the blank and machining the main parts of the interior and exterior surfaces .of the blank.

,9. The method. ofj'formi ng sleeve valves for fluid pressure enginesiconsisting in pressing out from the wall of a tubular metal blank a boss-for driving connection, placing within. the bossthe outen' annular member of a driving joint having a',circumferential groove'in its outer surface, and

fixing the annular member in position by pressing'in the wall of the boss anv inwardly extending rib to engage with the-circumferential groove in the annular member.

10; The methpdof forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines, consisting in ressing out from the Wflllj'Off a tubular. metal blank a boss fora driving connection,'.- placing within theboss the outer annular A I suitable holes-in the cylindrical' dies and I member'of a driving joint havin a circump'ferential groove in its. outer sur ace, fixing the annular member in position by pressing in the wall of the bossan inwardly pro- 'jecting rib to engage with the groove in the and forming inlet and exe method of forming sleeve valves pressing out from. the wall of a tubular metal blank a bossfor a driving connection,

cent to the boss,--'placing within the boss the outer annular member of a driving joint pressing one or more stiffening ribs adjahaving a circumferential groove in its outer" I position lay an inwar the. groove in the-"annular member. I 12. The method of forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consistingin pressing out from the wall of atubular metal blank :1 boss-for a. driving connection pressing one or more stiffening ribs-adjacent to'theboss,-placing within the boss the" outer annular member of a driving joint having a circumferential groove in its outer surface, fixing the annular member in posltion by pressing 1n the wall of the boss an roove in the annular member, and punch-:

mg inlet and exhaust ports inthe blank.

13. The method of forming sleeve valves for fluid pressure engines consisting in placing the portion of the tubular blank. in-

which the inlet and exhaust ports are to be formed between two cylindrical dies, and

punching out the inlet and exhaust ports through suitable holes in the dies. v

14. The method of forming sleeve valves for-fluid pressure engines consisting in pressing-out-from then-wall ofa tubular a metal blank a boss for a'driving connection, 2 placing the portion'of the blank in which the inlet and exhaust ports are to 'be fo'rmed between two cylindrical, dies, punching. out j the inlet and exhaust ports through suitable holes in the dies,"-and machining the main {parts of the interior'and exterior cylindris cent" to th' P g Withinithe' boss I the O ter annular member-of a driving'joint having a'circum'ferential groovein its outer surface, pressing in the wall of'the-boss-an P inwardly projecting rib to engage with the circumferential groove in thea-nnular mem-- ber, placing "the portion j of the blank in' which. the'inIet and; exhaust ports are to be formed between two cylindrical dies, unch ing out the inlet and exhaustports 't rough I machining the main interior and exterior.

boss, one or more stiffening'ribs adjacent to boss.

17. The method of forming sleeve valves annu'lar member in position b pressing in for fluid ressure engines consisting in the wall of the boss an inwa'r 1y projecting forming a oss for adriving connection on rib to engage with the groove in the annu- 10 the side ofva tubular metal blank, placing lar member.

5 .within the boss the outer annular member In testimony whereof I have signed my of'a driving joint having a circumferential name tothis specification. groove in its outer surface, and fixingthe HARRY RALPH RICARDO. 

